How Does Aerodrome V1 Work?

DEX|Risk B-|6 mechanisms|4 interactions

Aerodrome V1 is the original AMM (automated market maker) on Base, the Coinbase-backed Layer 2 chain. It uses simple, battle-tested formulas: constant product pools for regular trading pairs and Curve-style stable pools for pegged assets. AERO token holders can lock tokens as veAERO to vote on emission allocation and earn trading fees. The protocol is the dominant DEX on Base but is being merged with Velodrome (Optimism's top DEX) into a unified cross-chain Aero DEX.

TVL

$129M

Sector

DEX

Risk Grade

B-

Value Grade

C+

Core Mechanisms

DEX/AMM/Constant-Product

Variable pools (xy=k) for uncorrelated asset pairs on Base

Standard constant product AMM formula identical to Uniswap V2. Battle-tested mathematical model.

DEX/AMM/Stable

Stable pools using Curve stableswap invariant for pegged assets

Standard Curve-style stableswap for correlated assets. Well-understood mathematical model.

Governance/veToken

veAERO governance with vote-escrowed AERO tokens

Standard ve(3,3) model inherited from Velodrome/Solidly. veAERO holders direct AERO emissions to pools.

Emissions/Gauge

Gauge voting with bribery market for emission allocation

Standard gauge voting with external bribery markets. Bribes incentivize veAERO holders to direct emissions to specific pools.

Incentives/ve33

ve(3,3) tokenomics with anti-dilution rebasing for veAERO lockers

ve(3,3) model from Andre Cronje's Solidly design. Lockers receive rebasing to offset dilution from emissions.

DEX/Router

Optimized swap router aggregating across V1 variable and stable pools

Standard swap router that finds optimal routes across V1 pool types.

How the Pieces Interact

V1 legacy poolsAero merger migrationHigh

V1 pools will be deprecated as the Aero merger completes. LPs who don't migrate may be stuck in legacy pools with declining trading volume and no emission incentives.

ve(3,3) emission votingBribery market captureMedium

Bribery markets allow highest bidder to capture emission direction. This can route AERO emissions to low-utility pools, reducing organic liquidity depth for important trading pairs.

DNS frontend dependencyUser fund safetyMedium

Past DNS hijacking demonstrates that smart contract security alone is insufficient. Frontend compromise enables phishing attacks and malicious approval requests against V1 users.

Base chain dependencySingle-chain concentrationMedium

V1 operates exclusively on Base (Coinbase L2). A Base chain incident, sequencer failure, or regulatory action against Coinbase directly impacts all V1 liquidity.

What Could Go Wrong

  1. Aerodrome V1 is the original AMM using Uniswap V2 and Curve stableswap formulas, now being deprecated in favor of the merged Aero cross-chain DEX. Legacy V1 pools may receive less security attention.
  2. DNS hijacking attack compromised Aerodrome frontend domains, exposing users to phishing. While smart contracts were unaffected, frontend dependency is a real attack surface for this protocol.
  3. Planned Q2 2026 merger with Velodrome into unified Aero creates migration risk. V1 liquidity providers must migrate to the new system or face potential liquidity fragmentation.

Migration Abandonment and V1 Liquidity Stranding

Moderate

Trigger: Aero merger timeline extends beyond Q2 2026 while V1 emission incentives are cut, stranding $50M+ in V1 pools with no migration path and declining utility

  1. 1.Aero merger delays push V1 deprecation timeline uncertainty beyond 6 months veAERO voters redirect emissions away from V1 pools toward the new Aero system
  2. 2.V1 pools lose emission incentives; LP APRs collapse Active LPs withdraw from V1; remaining liquidity becomes thin
  3. 3.Trading volume migrates to alternative DEXs on Base V1 becomes a ghost DEX with illiquid pools and wide spreads
  4. 4.Remaining V1 LPs face impermanent loss with no fee revenue to compensate Passive LPs who missed the migration window realize losses when they finally withdraw

Risk Profile at a Glance

Mechanism Novelty2/15
Interaction Severity6/20
Oracle Surface0/10
Documentation Gaps3/10
Track Record3/15
Scale Exposure7/10
Regulatory Risk2/10
Vitality Risk9/10
B-

Overall: B- (32/100)

Lower score = safer

More on Aerodrome V1

Related DEX Explainers